The Effect of Balance, Arm Muscle Strength, and Creativity towards Discus skills on Faculty of Students of Manado State University Science

The purpose of national education is so noble, because with the achievement of these goals, all social problems can be overcome including students as the next generation of the nation. Physical education, sports and health is one of the entry points, because it develops; physical fitness, movement skills, critical thinking, social, reasoning, emotional stability, moral actions, aspects of a healthy lifestyle and the introduction of a clean environment through physical activities can be formed by young people who have quality human resources.


I. Introduction
The purpose of national education is so noble, because with the achievement of these goals, all social problems can be overcome including students as the next generation of the nation. Physical education, sports and health is one of the entry points, because it develops; physical fitness, movement skills, critical thinking, social, reasoning, emotional stability, moral actions, aspects of a healthy lifestyle and the introduction of a clean environment through physical activities can be formed by young people who have quality human resources.
Lectures at POR FIK Unima have their own characteristics because the main students will be students to become physical education teachers, whose education uses a lot of physical activities. Students get theoretical and practical lecture material on sports, such as athletics, gymnastics, swimming, volleyball which all must be mastered by students and can even teach it. If students follow practical courses they must have a good physical component as a capital for practical lectures and even lectures carried out in a variety of weather, so perseverance, patience and enthusiasm are needed in order to get good grades in practical subjects.
In this study more directed at the athletics branch more specifically on the number of discus throwing, balance, arm muscle strength, creativity and discus throwing skills. The explanation is as follows: Balance plays an important role in the basic technical movements of the sport. Arm muscle strength is needed by the movement of sports. Students must have creativity in attending lectures to be successful.
Based on the things mentioned above, it will be further investigated about the effect of balance, arm muscle strength and creativity on discus throwing skills at the Faculty of Sport Science, Manado State University.

Definition of Throwing Discs
To understand the meaning of discus throwing, we first understand the meaning of discus throwing. According to W. J. S. Poerwadarminta in Indonesian public dictionary throwing is a sport by throwing (javelin, bullets, hammerheads, discs). While the understanding of discs according to Didi Sugandi is a wooden object in the form of a plate rimmed with an iron belt. So discus throwing is one of the numbers in athletics that uses a wooden object in the form of an iron belt, or other flat rounded material that is thrown.
According to Eddy Purnomo the characteristics of a good discus thrower are that he has a tall, strong body and has speed of movement, good coordination power and special mobility. A discus thrower must also have a maximum level of strength and the strength of the acceleration of the muscles at the time of movement, the strength of the recative throw for the final acceleration motion of the disc. According to Rud Midgley, C.S discs are made of metal / slippery, have a strong adhesion to the body of the disc or other suitable material. It weighs centered, at least 2 kg for men, and 1 kg for women. Discus throw is one of the branches of athletic sports. Throwed discs measuring 220 mm in diameter and weighing 2 kg for men, 1 kg for women. Discus throw has been contested since the Olympic Games of 1896 in Athens, Greece.

Balance
Balance is one of the physical conditions that cannot be released in any sport including discus throwing, balance discs are very necessary when going to make a movement in throwing discs such as going to swing, rotate, move the feet, and release the discs. while M Sajoto said that balance is the ability to control the nerve organs of the muscles. Therefore a person when going to make a balance motion is not directly related directly to other limbs.
Balance is one of the physical conditions that cannot be released in any sport including discus throwing, balance discs are very necessary when going to make a movement in throwing discs such as going to swing, rotate, move the feet, and release the discs. While M Sajoto said that the balance is the ability to control the nerve organs of the muscles. Therefore a person when going to make a balance of motion is not directly related directly to other limbs.

III. Research Method
This research was carried out on the campus of the Faculty of Sport Science, Manado. State University in Tondano City, Minahasa Regency. The research took place from August to September 2013, starting from the sample survey, the selection and preparation of data collection instruments, to the implementation of data collection in this case testing and measurement.
This research is a descriptive study that aims to make a systematic description of the relationship between the factors being investigated and that is why this study uses a survey method with Path Analysis.

IV. Discussion
In this section presents the results of research that will be presented in sequence regarding: description of research data, testing of analysis requirements, testing hypotheses, discussion and limitations of research.

Description of Research Result Data
Description of the data from the results of the study aims to provide a general description of the distribution of data distribution, both in the form of a size distribution of the frequency distribution. Prices are presented after being processed from raw data using descriptive statistical methods, namely the maximum value, minimum value, range, average, standard deviation and variance. Summary of statistical calculation results as follows: The description of the data presented is a description of the research variables studied consisting of three variables consisting of two exogenous variables (independent) and one endogenous variable (bound). Exogenous variables consist of balance, arm muscle strength, and creativity. Endogenous variables consist of discus throwing skills. Presentation of data descriptions are presented for each variable in a row starting from the dependent variable as follows:

a. Discus Throwing Skills
Based on research data for discus throwing skills obtained the lowest score of 28, and the highest score of 48, with a range of scores of 20, from the results of data analysis obtained an average of 38.40; standard deviation 5.23; and variance 27.37. With lots of class 7 and class 3 length, frequency distribution of variable data on the discus throwing skill as Table 2. To further clarify the presentation, the discus throwing skill data is also presented in the form of a histogram like Figure 2. Data regarding the balance obtained through the test shows the range of empirical scores between 15 and 50, with a theoretical range of scores of 50-50. The calculation results show an average price of 35.43; standard deviation 8.79; and Variance 77,35. With the number of class intervals 7 and length of class 5 the frequency distribution can be seen in Table 3 and the histogram as Figure 3.

. Arm Muscle Strength
Data on arm muscle strength from the results of the study showed the range of empirical scores between 35 and 70. The average price calculation results were 52.59; standard deviation 8.72; and variance 76.01. With the number of interval classes 7 and the length of the interval class 5 the frequency distribution can be seen in Table 6 and the histogram in Figure 4 .  Based on research data for creativity scores, which have a range of theoretical scores of 20, obtained the lowest score of 168, the highest score of 209, with a range of scores of 41, from the results of data analysis obtained an average of 188.66; 9.95 standard deviation. With many classes 7 and class 6 lengths, the frequency distribution of creativity variable data is made as in Table 5. To further clarify the presentation, the creativity data is also presented in the form of a histogram like Figure 5.

Testing Requirements Analysis
Since data processing in this study uses statistical tests with path analysis techniques, it is necessary to test the analysis requirements, so the results can be used to draw conclusions. Requirements for path analysis are the distribution of normally distributed data, the variance of the data is homogeneous and the causal relationship between variables is linear. Based on these requirements, the following tests are carried out:  Test the estimated normality of error data using the Liliefors test.  Test the variance homogeneity with the Barlett test.  Test the significance and linearity of the data with a regression test.

a. Test the Normality of Estimated Error Data
To see whether the data obtained from each of the research variables is normal or not, a normality test is done using the Liliefors test. If the result of the highest Lcount (L0) price of the examined variable group is smaller than the Ltable (Lt) in the list, then the data is said to be normally distributed.
While what is meant by Lcount (L0) is the difference between the largest absolute price between the standard score opportunity and the standard score proportion (| F (zi) -S (zi) |). For more details, the normality calculation results of the variables examined will be presented using the liliefors test at the significance level α = 0.05.

Variance Homogeneity Test
To test the homogeneity of variance in this study the Bartlett test was used. If the result of the calculated α2 value of the group of variables studied is smaller than the α2table at α = 0.05, then the data is said to be homogeneous variance.

a. Homogeneity Test of Variance X4 over X1
The homogeneity variance test calculation results on the discus throwing skills obtained α2 count value of 1.56. Where the critical value α2table for degrees of freedom (dk) = 18 with α = 0.05 obtained a value of 28.87. When compared to the calculated α2 value it turns out to be smaller than α2table, so it can be concluded that the variance of X4 and X1 groups is homogeneous.

b. Homogeneity Test of Variance X4 over X2
The results of the homogeneity test variance in arm muscle strength over discus throwing skills were obtained α2 count value of 0.00. Where the critical value α2table for degrees of freedom (dk) = 26 with α = 0.05 obtained a value of 38.89. When compared to the calculated α2 value it turns out to be smaller than α2table, so it can be concluded that the variance of group X4 over X2 is homogeneous.

c. Homogeneity Test of Variance X3 over X1
The results of the homogeneity test of the variance of the equilibrium to the strength of the arm muscle obtained a calculated α2 value of 10.51. Where the critical value α2table for degrees of freedom (dk) = 23 with α = 0.05 obtained a value of 35.17. When compared to the calculated α2 value it turns out to be smaller than α2table, so it can be concluded that the variance of group X3 over X1 is homogeneous.

d. Homogeneity Test of Variance X3 over X2
The results of the homogeneity test for the variance of the balance to the strength of the arm muscle obtained a calculated α2 value of 10.51. Where the critical value α2table for degrees of freedom (dk) = 23 with α = 0.05 obtained a value of 35.17. When compared to the calculated α2 value it turns out to be smaller than α2table, so it can be concluded that the variance of group X3 over X2 is homogeneous.

e. Homogeneity Test of Variance X4 over X3
The results of the homogeneity test variance of discus throwing skills on creativity obtained α2 count value of 10.51. Where the critical value α2table for degrees of freedom (dk) = 23 with α = 0.05 obtained a value of 35.17. When compared to the calculated α2 value it turns out to be smaller than α2table, so it can be concluded that the variance of group X3 over X2 is homogeneous.

Model Testing
Before calculations are performed to test the causality model, which uses the path analysis model, then as previously explained the research data has been tested and fulfills all the necessary requirements.
One very important requirement that must be met is the existence of a significant correlation between related variables and related to each other. However, the effect that has been proven through the magnitude of the correlation coefficient does not infer a causal occurrence between one of these variables.
After the data obtained from the field is processed and has passed various test requirements analysis, the next step in testing the causality model is to do a path analysis.
Based on the causal model formed theoretically a path analyst diagram will be obtained and coefficient values calculated for each path.

Hypothesis Testing
After analyzing the structural model, the results obtained are used to test the proposed hypothesis and measure the amount of direct influence between variables. The conclusion of the proposed hypothesis will be drawn through the path coefficient and significance test for each path examined.

a. Positive Direct Effect of Balance on Discus Throwing Skills.
This hypothesis can be formulated statistically as follows: H0 : β41 ≤ 0 H1 : β41 > 0 The results of the calculation of the path coefficient and t arithmetic, to test the above hypothesis are presented in the following table: The calculation results as seen in the table above show that the path coefficient of Balance to Discus Throwing Skills (ρ41) = 0.098 with tcount = 41.104. Because tcount = 41.104 and ttable = 2.648 at α = 0.01, then tcount> ttable, 41.104> 2.648, then H0 is rejected which means there is a positive direct effect of Balance on Discus Throwing Skills.

b. Positive Direct Effect of Balance on Creativity.
This hypothesis can be formulated statistically as follows: H0: β31 ≤ 0 H1: β31> 0 The results of the calculation of the path coefficient and tcount, to test the above hypothesis are presented in the following table: The calculation results as seen in the table above shows that the path coefficient of Balance to Creativity (ρ31) = 0.966 with tcount = 43.861. Because tcount = 43.861 and ttable = 2.648 at α = 0.01, then tcount> ttable, 43.861> 2.648, then H0 is rejected, which means there is a positive direct effect of Balance on Creativity.

c. Positive Direct Effect of Arm Muscle Strength on Disc Throwing Skills.
This hypothesis can be formulated statistically as follows: H0: β42 ≤ 0 H1: β42> 0 The results of the calculation of the path coefficient and tcount, to test the above hypothesis are presented in the following table:

d. Positive Direct Effect of Arm Muscle Strength on Creativity.
This hypothesis can be formulated statistically as follows: H0: β32 ≤ 0 H1: β32> 0 The results of the calculation of the path coefficient and tcount, to test the above hypothesis are presented in the following table:

e. Positive Direct Effect of Creativity on Discus Throwing Skills
This hypothesis can be formulated statistically as follows: H0: β43 ≤ 0 H1: β43> 0 The results of the calculation of the path coefficient and tcount, to test the above hypothesis are presented in the following table: The calculation results as seen in the table above show that the coefficient of the Creativity path to the Discus Throwing Skill (ρ43) = 0.987 with t = 72.333. Because tcount = 72.333 and ttable = 2.648 at α = 0.01, then tcount> ttable, 72.333> 2.648, then H0 is rejected which means there is a positive direct effect of Creativity on Discus Throwing Skills. The path coefficient of each variable can be described as follows: In sub-structure 2 shows the combined and partial effect between Balance and Arm Muscle Strength on Creativity. Effect of Balance and Arm Muscle Strength on Creativity can be seen through the calculation results in the following The structural equation of sub-structure 1 is: X3 = 0,966X1 + 0,995X2 + 0,005ε1 In sub-structure 2 shows the combined and partial influence between Balance, Arm Muscle Strength, and Creativity. The Effect of Balance, Arm Muscle Strength, and Creativity on Discus Throwing Skills can be seen through the results of calculations in the following summary model. The structural equation of sub-structure 2 is: X4 = 0.961X1 + 0,994X2 + 0,987X3 + 0,006ε2

V. Conclusion
There is a positive direct effect of balance on Discus Throwing Skills at the Faculty of Sport Sciences Mando State University Students. This means that a good balance will result in increased discus throwing skills.
There is a positive direct effect of arm muscle strength on discus throwing skills at the students of the Faculty of Sport Science, Mando State University. This means that good arm muscle strength will result in increased discus throwing skills achieved by the student concerned.
There is a direct influence on the position of creativity fantasy on discus throwing skills at the Students of the Faculty of Sport Science, Mando State University. This means that good creativity will result in increased disc throwing skills.
There is a positive direct effect of balance on creativity in the Students of the Faculty of Sport Science, Manado State University. It means that a good balance will increase creativity.
There is a positive direct effect of arm muscle strength on creativity on the Students of the Faculty of Sport Sciences Mando State University. This means that good arm muscle strength will result in increased creativity of the students concerned.